Manganese is a metallic/essential/critical element that plays a vital role/part/function in both human health and various industrial processes. Within/In/Throughout the human body, manganese acts as a cofactor/catalyst/component for numerous enzymes involved in metabolism, bone formation, and wound healing/tissue repair/cellular function. Industria

UHMWPE, acknowledged for its exceptional durability, has emerged as a essential element in the field of medical applications. Its outstanding biocompatibility and minimal friction coefficient contribute to UHMWPE an ideal candidate for a wide range of implants, prosthetics, and orthopedic devices. Moreover, its resistance to wear and tear ensures

Sputtering is a widespread technique utilized in the fabrication of advanced thin films. Titanium (Ti) sputtering, namely, has emerged as a preferred method due to its ability to deposit high-quality Ti thin films with precise thickness and composition. The process involves bombarding a Ti target with energetic ions, ejecting atoms that then deposi